無人機系統(UAS)亦稱為無人飛行器(UAV)、遙控飛機系統(RPAS)或無人機，最近已成為環境監測和管理的新盟友，如水文、洪水、滑坡、地震、火災、水污染物及許多其他自然和人為災害。此系統還廣泛應用於林業、精準農業、建築、野生動物、工程建設等領域。儘管最初設計用於支持軍事行動，但 UAS 的民用及科學應用近年來引起了越來越多的關注，其商業、政府和業餘用途也日異增加。本專題期望能匯集UAS環境監測應用相關的論文。
The unmanned aerial systems (UAS) known as unmanned aerial vehicles (UAVs), remotely piloted aircraft systems (RPAS) or drones, have recently emerged as new equipments in environmental monitoring and management such as hydrology, flooding, landslide, earthquake, fire, water pollutant and many others natural and man-made disasters. The systems also widely utilized in forestry, precise agriculture, architecture, wildlife, engineering and construction, and so on. Although initially devised to support military operations, the civilian and scientific applications of UAS have attracted increasing attention in recent years, experiencing great growth in their commercial, governmental and amateur use. This special session expects to collect papers related to applications of UAS for environmental monitoring.

地表水體為供水、生態服務、娛樂和其他有用功能提供了重要且寶貴的資源。由於經濟快速發展、人口膨脹、土地利用方式改變導致點源和非源污染物超標排放，造成地表水體水質嚴重惡化。因此數值模式成為解決水質和輸砂時空變化的重要工具，可用於水質預測和管理。本特別會議將重點關注地表水體，包括流域、湖泊、河流/溪流、潮汐河口和沿海地區之水文、水質和泥砂傳輸模擬與預測。

​Surface water bodies provide crucial and valuable resources for water supply, ecological service, recreation, and other useful functions. Because of rapid economic development, population expansion, and land use change resulting in excessive point and nonpoint source pollutants discharged, surface water bodies were subject to serious deterioration on water quality. Therefore the numerical model becomes an important tool to resolve the spatiotemporal variations in water quality and sediment transport and can be utilized for water quality prediction and management. This special session for hydrology, water quality, and sediment simulation modelling will focus on the surface water bodies which include watersheds, lakes, rivers/streams, tidal estuaries, and coastal areas.

遠端遙測於海事科技的應用，近年來由於(1)B5G通訊系統;(2)AIS立方衛星;(3)風場綠能空間管理;(4)智慧物聯網;(5)海上供應鏈;的快速發展之下，遠端遙測技術愈來愈與人民的生活發生極大的關係，除了提升通訊全球的便利性之外，在(6)水上、水下無人載具;(7)風場環境保護;(8)資源保育;(9)風能效率;(10)航行安全彼此共生共榮的前提下，進階發展(11)海事遠端遙測結合;(12)海洋地理資訊系統的應用更是日益重要，目前時機已經十分成熟。藉由建立空間管理與決策支援的技術量能，觸角從海下至太空，針對海上資源、資訊、綠能、儲能、航安與(13)救災與防災等面向提出產官學的緊密結合的策略與啟發，建立(14)海事大數據共享系統，期盼能降低自然或人為的海事災害，平時防災難時救災，並課延伸至軍事與國安行動，結合民間商業與學術專業共享成果推動我國海事產業。本專題期望能匯集海事遠端空間遙測應用相關的論文。

Now, the applications of Remote Sensing in Maritime technology following the rapid development of 5G communication systems, AIS CubeSat, wind farm green energy, Internet of Things, and Maritime Supply Chains, therefore, the Remote Sensing technology has become more and more important to people's daily lives. In addition to improving the convenience of global communication, the advanced development of Maritime Remote Sensing application of terminal telemetry combined with Geographic Information System is becoming more and more important, and the time is very well now. Through the establishment of technical capacity for space management and decision support, the tentacles extend from the sea to space and propose strategies and strategies for the close integration of industry, government, and academia for Maritime resources, Marine information, Green Energy, Energy Storage, Navigation Safety, disaster relief, and disaster prevention.

Inspired by the establishment of a Maritime Big data palace sharing system, it is expected to reduce natural or man-made maritime disasters, prevent disasters in peacetime and provide disaster relief, extend the experiences to Military and National Security operations, and combine the achievements of private business and academic professions to promote our country's maritime industry. This topic expects to bring together papers related to maritime Spatial Remote Sensing applications.

氣候的因素影響著自然界中各個生態系的動態，如水資源與營養鹽的循環，然而現今人類活動所導致的氣候變遷已經廣泛地影響著每一個生態系，造成各種層面的影響。例如溫度上升迫使溫帶生物往更高的海拔或緯度遷徙，同時也讓熱帶生物出現在以往沒有分佈的寒帶或高山地區；缺乏降雨也將延後或甚至完全阻斷生物的洄游，進一步導致部份獵食者的食物短缺，影響族群大小。環境變遷的壓力不僅施加在各種野生生物上，同時也會影響人類的日常生活與經濟發展，就如同2021年的大旱影響著每一個台灣人。長久以來坡地與淡水生態系因為人類的活動與經濟需求而受到威脅，然而儘管氣候變遷各層面的影響已被廣泛討論，台灣的坡地與淡水生態系如何受氣候變遷而改變仍值得更廣泛的注意，尤其它們的健康程度與生物多樣性保育以及人類的資源利用息息相關。在這個分組中，我們將邀請坡地與淡水生態系相關的研究，就氣候變遷、生態系服務、長期生態系觀察以及人類活動對生態系影響等議題進行發表與探討，以期促進對氣候變遷如何影響坡地與淡水生態系的更廣泛認識。

​The dynamics of nature is regulated by climate that facilitates the balances of materials, such as water and nutrients, of ecosystems. Climate change that is caused mostly by human development in nowadays has broad impacts on ecosystems in a variety of ways. For example, temperature rising may drive both temperate and tropical species to migrate to higher latitudes and/or altitudes; lack of precipitations may delay or stop migration of amphidromous animals, which may further result in shortage of prey for some predators. Stresses, such as drought, due to climate change may exert impacts not on species in the wild but also human ourselves as we all know that drought has great impacts on freshwater ecosystem and influences on our daily life and economic activities. The hill and freshwater ecosystems have long been threatened by human activities such as competitions for resources of space and water. Impacts of climate change have been broadly estimated in terms of various aspects, but the impacts to hill and freshwater ecosystems are not well studied in Taiwan although their biodiversity are highly threatened by human activities. In this section, we invite presentations of hill and/or freshwater ecosystems aimed to the topics of climate change, ecosystem services, long-term observation of ecosystems, and impacts to ecosystems by human activities. This section will bring better insight into the influences of climate change on the ecosystems of hill and freshwaters.

海洋雷達主要分為微波與高頻雷達，應用於EEZ大範圍的海洋空間場域高解析精度即時監測，系統成本低廉、維護容易，並可不分日夜提供廣大海域高解析度的即時海洋環境資訊，是一種具高度發展潛力的遙測技術。近年來因海洋能、離岸風電、航運、專屬經濟海域監視與海洋工程快速發展，以及海洋科學界對於中小尺度海洋過程現象與致災海洋系統之結構與演變愈加關注，使海洋雷達的資料需求日益殷切，各國建置監測站網已超過440座。台灣自2010年也已經建置超過30座高頻雷達站。本專題針對 (1) 作業化運作回顧檢討、(2)最新資料分析技術與演算法發展、(3)海氣象過程與現象研究、(4)前瞻技術展望等主題，邀請海洋雷達科學與工程社群分享研究成果，促進交流與合作。

Marine radar is mainly divided into microwave and high-frequency radar, which can be applied to the EEZ real-time surveillance and monitoring with high resolution and accuracy. The system is low-cost, easy to maintain, and can provide high-resolution real-time marine environmental information in a wide range of sea areas day and night. In recent years, due to the rapid development of oceanic renewable energy, offshore wind power industry, shipping, and marine engineering, as well as the ocean science community's increasing concern about the structure and evolution of sub-mesoscale processes and disaster-causing met-ocean systems, the demand for marine radar data has become increasingly keen. More than 440 radar stations have been built in various countries. Taiwan has also built more than 30 high-frequency radar stations since 2010. In this session, we invite the marine radar science and engineering community to share their research results and promote communication and cooperation by focusing on (1) review of operational operations, (2) recent development of data analysis techniques and algorithms, (3) scientific studies oceanic processes and phenomena, and (4) prospective technology.

全世界每年有數百萬人受到極端災害影響。洪水、崩坍、土石流等極端災害頻繁發生，造成人命傷亡和財產損失。環境變化常由氣候變遷所影響驅動，致使生態系統變得更加脆弱，從而增加了災害的規模和頻率。 如何運用預測和監測之預警系統及評估分析降低災害風險極具挑戰性，並應考量採取調適行動應對未來自然災害威脅，以減少脆弱性並建構韌性社會至關重要。 本次會議分組目的乃討論災害風險和氣候變遷調適以建構韌性社會的相關主題。

Millions of people are affected each year worldwide due to extreme weather disasters. Extreme weather disasters such as floods, landslides, debris flow, etc., frequently cause life and damage loss. Warning systems integrated by forecasting and monitoring are always challenging tasks to mitigate the damages. Environmental changes are driven by climate change, and unsustainable exploitation of the earth’s resources render many people and ecosystems ever more vulnerable, thus increasing the scale and frequency of hazards. In the efforts to take countermeasures with adaptation actions against the threats by future natural disasters, assessing and reducing risk are crucial for emergency responses to minimize vulnerabilities and to build resilient societies. This session aims to provide a forum to discuss various topics in disaster reduction and climate change adaptation.

This session discusses how geospatial technology including remote sensing and geographic information systems contributes to the reduction of disaster and environmental risks. In disaster-prone regions like Taiwan and Japan, people face various natural hazards such as ground shaking and tsunamis due to earthquakes, as well as floods, landslides, and debris flows due to heavy rainfall. The latter is expected to intensify in the near future because global warming will increase extreme weather events. Global warming will also lead to environmental deterioration in many places. To reduce future disaster and environmental risks, geospatial technology should be effectively utilized. This session deals with a wide range of relevant topics including the outcomes of various application studies. This session is co-organized by the Commission on Hazard and Risk of IGU (International Geographical Union).

臺灣目前面臨兩項重大議題。其一為能源短缺的挑戰；另一則是受全球變遷影響下、強度與頻率日益加劇的河海災害。本場會議主題將會分享國立台灣海洋大學海洋工程中心之研究進展與近期成果，主要聚焦於「離岸風電與海洋能源」及「河海災防」之關鍵技術研發與應用。報告主題將包含：

1. 數值模式的開發與應用；

2. 人工智慧與深度學習之應用；

3. 風機安全及耐久性與腐蝕性研究；

4. 風機基礎淘刷模擬與穩定性評估；

5. 海洋牧場規劃與應用；

6. 離岸風機海域之航道規劃；

7. 考慮海岸溢淹、地層下陷與海岸侵蝕之危險度與脆弱度評估；預報與預警系統開發

Taiwan is facing two critical issues nowadays. The first one is the challenge of energy shortage and the other is increased riverine and coastal disasters (in terms of intensity and frequency) owing to global changes. The purpose of this session is to share recent research progress and results by Center of Excellence for Ocean Engineering, NTOU with the main focus on key technology in "Offshore Wind Power and Marine Energy" and "Riverine and Coastal Disaster Prevention". The topics include

1. Developments and applications of numerical models;

2. Applications of artificial intelligence and deep learning;

3. Wind turbine safety and durability evaluation;

4. Simulations of scour for foundation stability assessment of offshore wind farms;

5. Planning of the marine ranches;

6. Planning of shipping channels in the offshore wind farm;

7. Risk and vulnerability assessment with consideration of flooding, land subsidence, and coastal erosion;

8. Developments of forecast and early warning systems.